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AI law comparison · Data verified 2026-08-22

NYC Local Law 144 vs Texas TRAIGA

NYC Local Law 144 and Texas TRAIGA are two of the 169 AI and data regulations Aegis Firma tracks. They have different scopes, effective dates, and penalties — and many businesses fall under both. Here is the side-by-side, drawn directly from the regulatory registry.

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Side by side

Attribute
NYC Local Law 144
Texas TRAIGA
Region
US-NY-NYC
US-TX
Effective date
2023-01-01
2026-01-01
Enforcement begins
2023-07-05
Who must comply
Applies to any employer or employment agency that: (1) employs four or more employees; (2) uses an AEDT in the hiring or promotion of an employee for a position to be performed, at least in part, in New York City. Covers…
Applies to any person or entity that: (1) develops an AI system intended to interact with or make decisions about Texas residents; OR (2) deploys an AI system in Texas or to serve Texas residents. Unlike Colorado SB23-16…
Maximum penalty
$500 per violation; $1,500 per day for continuing violations (enforced by NYC Dept. of Consumer and Worker Protection)
$10,000–$12,000 per curable violation; $80,000–$200,000 per violation a court determines uncurable; $2,000–$40,000 per day for continuing violations (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 552.105(a)); state licensing agencies may add license suspension/probation/revocation or up to $100,000 on AG recommendation (§ 552.106). TX AG exclusive enforcement, no private right of action (§ 552.101), mandatory 60-day cure (§ 552.104)
Compliance requirements
5 tracked
7 tracked
Enforcement actions on record
None on record yet
None on record yet
Data last verified
2026-08-22
2026-08-25

Summary of publicly available regulatory text. Verify against current official sources before relying on this for compliance decisions. Not legal advice.

The key difference

NYC Local Law 144 takes effect first, so it is usually the more urgent of the two. NYC Local Law 144 tracks 5 compliance requirements and Texas TRAIGA tracks 7. They are not interchangeable — meeting one does not discharge the other. The practical question is not which law is “stricter,” but which of them — or both — actually applies to your business.

US-NY-NYC

New York City Local Law 144 — Automated Employment Decision Tools

NYC Local Law 144 (Int. 1894-A) requires any employer or employment agency in New York City that uses an automated employment decision tool (AEDT) in hiring or promotion decisions to conduct annual independent bias audits, publish the results, and notify candidates before use. An AEDT is any computational process that screens or ranks candidates. Applies to NYC-based roles regardless of where the company is headquart…

Full NYC Local Law 144 requirements
US-TX

Texas Responsible AI Governance Act (TRAIGA / HB 149)

Texas HB 149 (TRAIGA), signed June 22, 2025 and codified as Tex. Bus. & Com. Code Title 11, Subtitle D (ch. 551–552, with a ch. 553 regulatory sandbox and a ch. 554 Texas AI Council), prohibits specific harmful AI practices and imposes disclosure obligations. The Act focuses on intent-based liability. Subchapter B contains exactly seven prohibition/disclosure sections (§§ 552.051–552.057, verified against the enrolle…

Full Texas TRAIGA requirements

Common questions

Could both NYC Local Law 144 and Texas TRAIGA apply to my business?

Yes. NYC Local Law 144 and Texas TRAIGA are separate regulations with separate scopes — a business can fall under both at once. NYC Local Law 144 covers Applies to any employer or employment agency that: (1) employs four or more employees; (2) uses an AEDT in the hiring or promotion of an employee for a position… Texas TRAIGA covers Applies to any person or entity that: (1) develops an AI system intended to interact with or make decisions about Texas residents; OR (2) deploys an AI system i… If your operations meet both scopes, you must comply with both. Aegis Firma's free scan checks all 169 tracked regulations against your business profile so you do not have to read each law to find out.

Which has the higher maximum penalty — NYC Local Law 144 or Texas TRAIGA?

NYC Local Law 144: $500 per violation; $1,500 per day for continuing violations (enforced by NYC Dept. of Consumer and Worker Protection) Texas TRAIGA: $10,000–$12,000 per curable violation; $80,000–$200,000 per violation a court determines uncurable; $2,000–$40,000 per day for continuing violations (Tex. Bus. & Com. Code § 552.105(a)); state licensing agencies may add license suspension/probation/revocation or up to $100,000 on AG recommendation (§ 552.106). TX AG exclusive enforcement, no private right of action (§ 552.101), mandatory 60-day cure (§ 552.104) Penalty structures differ by regulator and violation type — read each law's full page for the cure periods and per-violation detail.

When does each law take effect?

NYC Local Law 144 — effective 2023-01-01, enforcement from 2023-07-05. Texas TRAIGA — effective 2026-01-01. Dates last verified against official sources on 2026-08-22 and 2026-08-25 respectively.

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