AI law comparison · Data verified 2026-08-22
Brazil LGPD vs EU AI Act
Brazil LGPD and EU AI Act are two of the 169 AI and data regulations Aegis Firma tracks. They have different scopes, effective dates, and penalties — and many businesses fall under both. Here is the side-by-side, drawn directly from the regulatory registry.
Find which laws apply to my businessSide by side
Summary of publicly available regulatory text. Verify against current official sources before relying on this for compliance decisions. Not legal advice.
The key difference
Brazil LGPD takes effect first, so it is usually the more urgent of the two. Brazil LGPD tracks 4 compliance requirements and EU AI Act tracks 10. They are not interchangeable — meeting one does not discharge the other. The practical question is not which law is “stricter,” but which of them — or both — actually applies to your business.
Brazil LGPD + AI Bill (PL 2338/2023) — AI Provisions
Brazil's Lei Geral de Proteção de Dados (LGPD, Law 13,709/2018) has been in force since September 18, 2020. Article 20 grants data subjects the right to request human review of any decision made solely on automated processing — including AI decisions — that affects them (profiling, scoring, creditworthiness, hiring, health assessments). Controllers must disclose the criteria and procedures used. The ANPD (National Da…
Full Brazil LGPD requirementsEU Artificial Intelligence Act
Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 — the world's first comprehensive AI law. Classifies AI systems by risk: prohibited (social scoring, subliminal manipulation), high-risk (Annex III: HR, credit, education, critical infrastructure, law enforcement), limited-risk (transparency obligations for chatbots and deepfakes), minimal-risk (most AI tools). Providers AND deployers have obligations. Extraterritorial: applies when the AI s…
Full EU AI Act requirementsCommon questions
Could both Brazil LGPD and EU AI Act apply to my business?
Yes. Brazil LGPD and EU AI Act are separate regulations with separate scopes — a business can fall under both at once. Brazil LGPD covers LGPD extraterritorial reach: applies to processing of personal data of persons located in Brazil, regardless of where the controller is established. EU AI Act covers Applies to: (1) providers placing AI systems on EU market or putting into service, (2) deployers using AI systems within EU, (3) providers/deployers in third co… If your operations meet both scopes, you must comply with both. Aegis Firma's free scan checks all 169 tracked regulations against your business profile so you do not have to read each law to find out.
Which has the higher maximum penalty — Brazil LGPD or EU AI Act?
Brazil LGPD: 2% of revenue in Brazil per violation, up to R$50,000,000 (approximately USD $10M); AI Bill will add sector-specific penalties when enacted EU AI Act: €35,000,000 or 7% of global annual turnover (whichever higher) for prohibited AI; €15M or 3% for high-risk violations; €7.5M or 1% for incorrect information to authorities Penalty structures differ by regulator and violation type — read each law's full page for the cure periods and per-violation detail.
When does each law take effect?
Brazil LGPD — effective 2020-09-18. EU AI Act — effective 2024-08-01, enforcement from 2026-08-02. Dates last verified against official sources on 2026-08-22 and 2026-08-22 respectively.
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